Vol. 7, no. 4, 2022
OMSK SCIENTIFIC BULLETIN. SERIES «SOCIETY. HISTORY. MODERNITY»
CONTENTS
HISTORY
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A. V. Ganin New documents on the arrest of family of General N. N. Stogov in 1919 DOI: 10.25206 / 2542-0488-2022-7-4-9-13 The publication touches upon the issue of political and social embedding in the conditions of Soviet Russia of representatives of the former generals and the General Staff of the Russian Imperial Army and members of their families, which is relevant in modern Russian historiography. In order to expand ideas on the designated topic, this paper for the first time introduces into scientific circulation the materials of the archival and investigative case against the family members of the head of the white underground in Moscow, General N. N. Stogov. The study, which is theoretically based on a biographical method, sheds light on the features of the repressive practice of the Cheka during the Civil War and on the history of the confrontation between the Chekists and the white underground in Moscow. The work is addressed to researchers of the events of the Revolution and the Civil War in Russia, military, social and political history. Keywords: Civil War, generals, officers, White underground, White movement, Cheka, Soviet secret services, N. N. Stogov. |
9-13 |
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A. V. Posadskiy Fighting transitions of soldiers to enemy in the Civil War: the view of the White Army corps commander DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2022-7-4-14-18 The archaeographic work aims to present the struggle of the White Army command in the East with the transitions of individual servicemen and entire units to the enemy at the end of June – beginning of July 1919 by the example of two orders of the commander of the 11th Yaitsky Corps of the Southern Army. These newly published documents, revealed in the funds of the Russian State Military Archive, reveal the White command’s understanding of the nature of this negative phenomenon and the logic of combating it. The theoretical basis of the study is the combination of the principle of consistency and an anthropological approach; this made it possible to present the published sources as part of counterintelligence measures in the white army, linking their appearance with specific personalities. Keywords: military anthropology, Civil War, White movement, white army, treason, counterintelligence. |
14-18 |
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A. A. Fomenkov How political activity began: on countering the construction of the Gorky nuclear power plant for heat supply DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2022-7-4-19-23 The article is devoted to the political history of the Gorky region during the years of perestroika, namely, such a significant aspect as opposition to the construction of the Gorky nuclear power plant of heat supply. The aim of the work is to identify the features of the manifestation of political opposition in Gorky. The tasks of the work are related both to the peculiarities of the work of the opponents of the Gorky nuclear power plant with public opinion, and in terms of creating structures independent of the state. It is stated that the level of political activity in the RSFSR was very active if it concerned the problem of nuclear safety. Keywords: Gorky women against GAST, B. E. Nemtsov, Corresponding member of the USSR Academy of Sciences V. S. Troitsky, Democratic Union, Gorky Nuclear Power Plant of Heat supply. |
19-23 |
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T. K. Tursunov, S. V. Novikov Russian-тajik cooperation as stability in Central Asia (1992–2022) DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2022-7-4-24-30 The article analyzes the historical experience of cooperation between the Russian Federation and the Republic of Tajikistan for 30 years. Special attention is paid to political, military, economic, trade and scientific cooperation. The research is based on scientific works of Russian and Tajik scientists, official state documents. The authors conclude that in the conditions of hybrid wars and the migration processes caused by them in Central Asia, the right decision is made on the need to preserve and expand cooperation between the Russian Federation and the Republic of Tajikistan. This position meets the national interests not only of both countries, but also of the Central Asian states, guaranteeing their security and stability. Keywords: international relations, foreign policy, Central Asia, Tajikistan, Russian Federation, CIS, CSTO, SCO, economy, migration, science and culture. |
24-30 |
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M. S. Novikov Development of means of combating armored vehicles at the forefront of defense. The first half of the 1930s. Based on the materials of the Soviet military press DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2022-7-4-31-38 In the article on the materials of the military press of the first half of the 1930s. the author analyzes the change in views on the fight against armored vehicles in the specified period. The author considers the main addition and alternatives to anti-tank guns, which were popular with military theorists considering the issues of countering armored vehicles at a distance of up to a kilometer. In the course of his work, the author considers proposals on the tactical and technical aspects of using various types of grenades against armored vehicles, mines, bi-calibre artillery system, heavy machine guns, automatic guns received from both foreign and domestic experts. As a result of the study, the author comes to the conclusion that in the USSR in the first half of the 1930s. the military leadership quickly came to the conclusion that anti-tank guns were needed to fight tanks, and grenades and mines could play a very limited role in the fight against armored vehicles. While outside the USSR, heavy machine guns, automatic guns, field artillery guns continued to be considered as anti-tank weapons. Thus, we can say that in the USSR the conceptual awareness of the vector of counteraction to armored vehicles occurred earlier than in Germany, France, the British Empire, the United States of America and Poland. Keywords: heavy machine gun, autocannon, mine, grenade, bi-calibre artillery system, Interbellum, foreign experience. |
31-38 |
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A. S. Shestopalova Imperial Russian Military Historical Society: to historiography of the problem DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2022-7-4-39-45 The article is one of the first attempts to generalize the accumulated experience in the research literature on the history of the Imperial Russian Military Historical Society. The author analyzed the key works of pre-revolutionary, Soviet, post- Soviet historiography. The presented historiographic review is built according to the chronological principle. The author comes to the conclusion that the first attempts to comprehend the activities of the Imperial Russian Military Historical Society were carried out even before the revolution of 1917, but only from the 1940s. laid the foundation for studying its history. It is concluded that the interest of modern researchers is fragmentary and is more focused on studying the activities of local departments and the organizational structure of society. A promising direction for further research is the study of the history of this association of military historians in the context of the interdisciplinary paradigm «Memory studies», which allows us to consider the Imperial Russian Military Historical Society as one of the most important actors influencing the formation of historical memory at the beginning of the 20th century. Keywords: military anthropology, cultural anthropology, officers, historical memory, Russian Imperial Army, Imperial Russian Military Historical Society, scientific community. |
39-45 |
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A. V. Shaidorov On the issue of planning and preparation of Petsamo-Kirkenes offensive operation in Arctic DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2022-7-4-46-54 The article reveals the issues of preparation of the Petsamo-Kirkenes offensive operation on October 7–29, 1944. Based on the study of domestic and foreign literature, an analysis of the prerequisites, stages of the operation at the time of its planning, as well as the features of the use of troops at the beginning of the operation is presented. The composition of the forces and means of the opposing sides is revealed. The tasks of the parts at the initial stage of the operation are disclosed. Keywords: Karelian Front, Petsamo-Kirkenes operation, the Arctic, military operations in high latitudes. |
46-54 |
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I. V. Fedotova «Future War»: the experience of analytical foresight of military conflict by Red Army intelligence practitioners DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2022-7-4-55-64 The publication analyzes the content of one of the first domestic predictions in the field of geopolitics – the information and analytical work «The Future War», prepared in 1928 by specialists of the IV (intelligence) Directorate of the Red Army Headquarters under the leadership of the Chief of Staff of the Red Army M. N. Tukhachevsky. The history of the creation of the work is presented, the accuracy of the forecasts proposed by theorists is analyzed, and the modern relevance of this study is revealed in the light of the current global geopolitical situation, when Russia, as in the 1920s, is opposed by a block of unfriendly states. Keywords: forecasting of military conflicts, special services, military intelligence, «Future war», M. N. Tukhachevsky, Ya. K. Berzin, mass political repression in the USSR. |
55-64 |
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A. A. Frolova Features of nutrition of women and children in Ishim district of Omsk region during the Great Patriotic War DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2022-7-4-65-73 The article reveals the features of catering in the Ishim district of the Omsk region during the Great Patriotic War. The author considers the issue of supplying the inhabitants of the home front with food products, as well as models of women’s way out of the situation of the food crisis. The source base on this topic includes the materials of the Ishim archive, as well as materials of oral history in the form of memoirs of contemporaries. Among the office documentation stored in the Ishim archive, reports and minutes of meetings of the City Council of People’s Deputies, which reflect the official level of perception of everyday problems, are of particular interest. Sources of personal origin provide an opportunity to more deeply understand events at the individual level. The periodical press presented by the local newspaper «Hammer and Sickle» helps to reconstruct the picture of everyday life of the Ishim people during the Great Patriotic War. Despite the subjectivity of the sources, based on the memories of the participants in the events, one can draw up a single picture of everyday life, identify the features of this period. The author uses a historical-everyday approach, a historical-anthropological approach. As part of the study, methods of oral history are used. The author comes to the conclusion that the everyday life of citizens during the Great Patriotic War has been insufficiently studied. The article focuses on catering in the city of Ishim, and also shows the models of the population’s way out of the food crisis situation. In addition, the article reveals the issue of the influence of the natural-geographical factor on the daily life of the population of the Ishim region. Keywords: Great Patriotic War, women’s history, oral history, gender, history of everyday life, card system, gardening. |
65-73 |
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History Name |
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D. I. Petin Adventurer in ranks of the secret services? To the biography of Pyotr Vasilyevich Glinko–Appin DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2022-7-4-74-81 The article deals with the problem of embedding foreigners in the early Soviet society in the conditions of the end of the Civil War in Siberia. For this purpose, on the basis of the anthropological approach, theories of social adaptation and social identity, the biography of the representative of the Czech intelligentsia Pyotr Vasilyevich Glinko–Appin is analyzed. The final stage of his life was associated with work in the special services of anti-Bolshevik and pro-Soviet authorities, being in custody, participating in the Soviet underground, and working as a civil engineer. The basis for the study is a complex of unpublished forensic and investigative materials that are part of the archival criminal case against the hero of the story. In conclusion, it is emphasized that a foreign officer with an anti-Bolshevik past could not count on successful social adaptation in the conditions of Soviet Russia. Keywords: engineers, intelligentsia, officers, social adaptation, Czechs, special services, Civil War, White movement, Soviet power, repressions. |
74-81 |
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NOTA BENE |
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A. V. Antoshin Home and family as a mirror of the country past: review of the book by D. I. Petin «The History of the Omsk clan of Batyushkin» DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2022-7-4-82-86 The analytical review is devoted to a new and conceptual microhistorical re-search — the monograph «The History of the Omsk clan of Batyushkin», published by the Omsk historian-archivist and local historian, PhD in History, Associate professor Dmitry Igorevich Petin. From the standpoint of a problematic vision, the substantive aspects of the book are highlighted, which, in the opinion of the reviewer, are worthy of close attention of the academic community, as well as plots, the discussion of which can be continued in a debatable manner. In conclusion, the high significance of the analyzed monograph for understanding the Modern History of Russia is emphasized. Keywords: historical science, biography, local history, merchants, social adaptation, World War I, Russian Civil War, White movement, Soviet society, Omsk. |
82-86 |
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V. V. Kalinovsky, A. S. Puchenkov The Orthodox Church and «Russian Dissolve»: reflecting on lessons of the past (Review of the book Firsov S. L. «A Time for War and a Time for Peace». The Orthodox Russian Church and the Civil War in Russia: Essays on History and Historiography) DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2022-7-4-87-95 The article characterizes one of the last works of the famous St. Petersburg historian S. L. Firsov, specialist in the field of Church history and church-state relations. The publication is devoted to the history and historiography of the Orthodox Russian Church during the period of the revolution and the Civil War. It is noted that the historian emphasizes the importance of the religious factor for understanding the importance of the socio-political processes that took place at this controversial time. The main theses expressed in the monograph are considered, its strengths and weaknesses are named. Keywords: Russian Revolution, Russian Civil War, Russian Orthodox Church, religious factor, Patriarch Tikhon (Bellavin), S. L. Firsov. |
87-95 |
PHILOSOPHY
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E. V. Borisov The critique of the theory of logical causality DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2022-7-4-96-100 One of the solutions to Bernardete’s paradox and a number of analogous paradoxes is based on the idea that there is a special type of causality — logical causality. This solution was proposed by Hawthorne and modified by Uzquiano. The paper presents a criticism on it. I put forward objections against Uzquiano’s modification of Hawthorne theory as well as against the very idea of logical causality. The conclusion is to the effect that, unless other reasons for the idea of logical causality are present, this idea either is trivial or lacks sufficient reason. Keywords: Bernardete’s paradox, Zeno phenomenon, Zeno effect, logical causality, logical consequence. |
96-100 |
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V. S. Efremova Considerable characteristic of second plan of the history of Aristotelian society DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2022-7-4-101-108 The article presents a study of the first stage of the formation of the Aristotelian Society. Unlike works devoted to the development and study of the meaning of the Society in the general historical and philosophical context, in this article the focus is on the group of scholars and amateurs left without close attention, which formed its ‘network’ basis. The qualitative growth of the membership of the Society, the leveling of the most negative aspects of the manifestation of the Matthew effect, strong local traditions — all these factors played an important role in the history of the development of the Society. Keywords: Aristotelian Society, philosophical and scientific communities, R. Collins’ theory of intellectual networks, R. Merton’s sociology of scientific communities, Matthew effect. |
101-108 |
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IN MEMORIA CLASSICA |
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V. V. Tselishchev Russell and Wittgenstein: apprenticeship and other ‘crossings’ DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2022-7-4-109-114 The article is devoted to the analysis of the traditional interpretation for the development of personal and intellectual relations between Russell and Wittgenstein in the light of the publication of materials from the Russell Archive. The mythology of the traditional interpretation of the development and collaboration of Wittgenstein and Russell is demonstrated and criticized. A more complex trajectory of the development of these relations is shown, which does not correspond to the traditional interpretation, according to which this development led to a kind of intellectual and creative surrender of Russell to his former student. Keywords: B. Russell, L. Wittgenstein, Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus, early analytic philosophy. |
109-114 |
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G. Landini Wittgenstein’s Tractarian Apprenticeship / trans. from Engl. V. V. Tselishchev DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2022-7-4-115-129 The years since the publication of Wittgenstein’s Tractatus have produced a good many interpretations of its central tenets. Time has produced something of a consensus concerning the nature of the Tractarian criticisms of Russell’s philosophy. Recent work on Russell’s philosophy of logic reveals, however, that the agreed account of Tractarian criticisms relies upon characterizing Russell with positions he did not hold. Keywords: B. Russell, L. Wittgenstein, Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus, early analytic philosophy. |
115-129 |
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Pros and Cons |
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А. К. Zhaparova Perspectives for philosophy of the body and the new realism DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2022-7-4-130-138 The article presents a commentary on the article by Mario Teodoro Ramirez «The Body by Itself. From the Phenomenology of the Body to an Ontology of the Embodied Self», in which he tries to declare an attempt to build a realism based on a correctly rethought philosophy of the body. It allows building a new type of realistic ontology of the embodied subject. Maurice Merleau-Ponty and Jean-Luc Nancy’s approaches to corporeality and flesh are seen by Ramirez as the most important steps in the so-called the ‘Corporal Turn’ and laying the conceptual foundation of the ontology of New Realism. Keywords: correlationism, realism, object, subject, body, flesh, corpus. |
130-138 |
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M. T. Ramírez The body by itself. From the phenomenology of the body to an ontology of the embodied self / trans. from Span. А. К. Zhaparova DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2022-7-4-139-147 This article analyzes the «corporal turn» of Philosophy in XX Century. It parts from the revaluation of the body undertaken by Nietzsche against a tradition that probably emphasized too much the spirituality of the soul, ripping it from the body. A properly thought «Philosophy of the body» could bring back that reality which modern criticism has driven so far away. To offer a way out of universal solipsism, it is necessary a Philosophy of the body capable of rethinking Realism. Merlau- Ponty and Jean-Luc Nancy’s approaches to a Philosophy of corporality and of flesh are presented, then. The next section deals with the consequences of the corporal turn of Philosophy in relation to Ontology: it shows the way from the body to Being. The exemplar exteriority with which Nancy defines the body allows us to calibrate — in the sense of an immanent Philosophy which is not done, closed or definite — an atheism free from naïve and a kind of Ontological Realism free from abstractions or dogmatism. To close the cycle, «New Realism» approach, defended by Markus Gabril, Ferraris and Harman, amongst others, is presented and defended. The intention of this article is to present a way in which it is possible to formulate a new Ontology, a new conception of Being and existence, a realistic, materialistic ontology of the corporal being inasmuch the extra-corporal being. Keywords: body, flesh, Philosophy of corporality, Materialism, New Realism. |
139-147 |