Vol. 6, no. 1, 2021
OMSK SCIENTIFIC BULLETIN. SERIES «SOCIETY. HISTORY. MODERNITY»
CONTENTS
HISTORY
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I. G. Adoneva, Yu. V. Druzhinina Power of emperor in Russian legal discourse of second half of 19th– early 20th centuries: justification and options for interpretation DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2021-6-1-9-15 The article is devoted to resolving the issue of how the legal intellectual elite of the period under review understood the imperial power, its origin, capabilities and authorities. The legal professorship formed an outwardly consistent discourse between the theoretical aspects of state law and the content of the Basic State Laws of the Russian Empire: teachers had to justify and explain the existence of the unlimited power of the monarch. They analyzed the courses of state law developed by nine professors of the Imperial Universities and the School of Law. The methodological basis of this study is the history of intellectual culture as an analysis of legal ideas and discourses in the context of the second half of the 19th - early 20th centuries. The power of the emperor is characterized by the authors of textbooks in a section that is most often called «On the Supreme Power». Russian autocracy was described by jurists in a conceptual and categorical apparatus borrowed fr om their European colleagues. Legal scholars were looking for a balance between their own personal and scientific ideas and the form of government that existed in the Russian Empire. Despite the differences in the political outlook, they saw the reason for the Russian autocracy in the historical development: a vast territory, low population density, and the virtual absence of a struggle between the government and society. For state scholars closely associated with Western jurisprudence, who shared its values, it was important to emphasize the belonging of the Russian Empire to the European world, wh ere a skeptical view of the Russian monarchy remained. This way out was the idea of legality. Without disputing the content of the «Fundamental State Laws» and guided by censorship considerations, the professors tried to convey to the student university audience the idea that the bureaucratic apparatus formed in the empire is a natural limiter of the imperial power; the legal framework is an obstacle to despotism, and the judiciary is in fact independent. This kind of theoretical constructs became a compromise between the preservation of absolute monarchical power and the worldview of those jurists who shared liberal values. Keywords: intellectual history, the state low, the Imperial power, low intellectual elite, educational and scientific literature. |
9–15 |
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O. V. Kalyuzhnaya The struggle for abolition of use of customary law in volost courts of Russian Empire at turn of the XIX–XX centuries DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2021-6-1-16-21 This article is devoted to the issues of socio-political discussions on the abolition of the application of customary law in the activities of the volost courts of the Russian Empire at the turn of the XIX–XX centuries. In the light of the activities of Advisory bodies that considered and developed draft reforms of legislation on farmers. For the first time, the author shows the features of approaches to the studied problem, identified in the materials of the periodical press and provincial committees of the Special Comission on the needs of the agricultural industry. The result of the research is the identification of three key approaches to the problem of customary law in volost justice, which are formed in the socio-political thought of the period under review. Keywords: volost court, corruption, peasantry, customary law, Special Comission on the needs of the agricultural industry, reform of the local court. |
16–21 |
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A. Yu. Sablin Collective portrait of head of Omsk school for training infantry warrant officers DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2021-6-1-22-29 In the article, on the basis of the prosopographic method, the collective portrait of the head of Omsk schools for the training of infantry warrant officers is reconstructed. The study is based on army clerical records from the Russian State Military Historical Archive and the Historical Archive of the Omsk Region. As a result of the study, it is found that the head of Omsk school for training infantry warrant officers, as a rule, is a nobleman, of the Orthodox faith, a combat officer with the rank of staff captain to lieutenant general, who has experience of direct participation in hostilities. Keywords: Russian empire, armed forces, personnel policy, ensign schools, World War I, Omsk. |
22–29 |
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History Name |
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A. V. Sushko, K. E. Bezrodny V. A. Zhardetsky and Siberian regionalism DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2021-6-1-30-36 In the context of events of the Russian Revolution and the Civil War in Russia the Omsk cadet Valentin Aleksandrovich Zhardetsky`s views on the Siberian regionalism are considered. He was a one of the main Kolchak regime ideologists. The source for the study is the Siberian periodicals, as well as the testimonies of our hero about the activities of the Siberian regionalists and the connection of the issue of Siberian autonomy with the international situation given to the Omsk Gubchkom on the eve of his execution. The last source is introduced into the scientific turnover for the first time. The authors conclude that the Russian nationalist V. A. Zhardetsky was one of the most consistent opponents of «Siberian selfhood» similar to the Ukrainian nationalism. His arguments about Siberian regionalism are also relevant for modern Russia, which once again faces the potential threat of separatism in Siberia. Keywords: Siberian regionalism, Siberian nationalism, separatism, Russian revolution, Civil war in Russia, V. A. Zhardetsky, Omsk. |
30–36 |
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M. S. Novikov On issue of Nikifor Chernigovsky’s citizenship in connection with development of Amur region by Russia DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2021-6-1-37-44 Interpretations of the events of the distant past of the Russian state have now become the arena of not only ideological, but also geopolitical struggle for territories and resources. One of the most pressing issues is the ownership of Siberia and its separate territories of Russia. The purpose of this article is to analyze the origin and citizenship of the participant in the development of the Amur region, Nikifor Chernigovsky, whose achievements, as a citizen of Poland and Ukraine, are claimed by some public figures of these states. The author concludes that, regardless of ethnic origin, Nikifor Chernigovsky participated in the Russian development of the Amur region neither as an initiative Polack or Ukrainian, nor as a foreigner in the Russian service, but as an Orthodox Christian and a citizen of the Russian state. Keywords: Russian state, Siberia, Albazin, N. Chernigovsky, foreigners in Russian service, Cossacks-explorers, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. |
37–44 |
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Critical Notices and Comments |
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M. V. Shilovskiy The fate of Siberian civilization DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2021-6-1-45-48 The publication is a reaction to the articles of P. A. Yeltsov and A. V. Sushko regarding the prospects for the incorporation of Siberia into the all-Russian civilizational space taking into account the positions of Siberian oblasts. The author is skeptical about the prospects for the separation of Asian Russia in the foreseeable future and is trying to argue his point of view. Keywords: Siberia, disintegration of Russia, Siberian revolution, identity, frontier, distribution economy, Siberian regionalism. |
45–48 |
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S. V. Novikov Russian Siberia against background of changes in statehood DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2021-6-1-49-55 The issue of preserving the integrity of Russia is of interest both in Russia itself and in other States. Statehood remains the object of close attention, both of our friends and opponents. The disintegration and disappearance of Russia was predicted by J. Kiez. Brzezinski did a lot for the destruction of Russia. It is impossible to list all those interested. But Russia, under various names, was recovering from difficult times, remaining one of the significant players in geopolitics. The purpose of the article is to identify the cause of stability in Russia. The publication aims to analyze ways to preserve the territorial integrity of Russia, identify the reasons for its decentralization, identify threats to the integrity of the Russian state, and identify the place of Siberia in Russia. The conclusion of the article is that Russia has a significant margin of safety, and the inhabitants of Siberia consistently identify themselves as an integral part of the Russian people. Keywords: Russia, nation building, Siberia, Siberian separatism, Cold War, Putinism. |
49–55 |
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Historical Archive |
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R. G. Gagkuev, F. A. Gushchin «Even though Volunteer fighters made their mistakes and sins, only those who do nothing make no mistakes». Memoirs of Volunteer Army officers in 1918–1920 left by Major General Konstantin A. Kelner DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2021-6-1-56-64 This research article focuses on characterization of Volunteer Army officers who fought in the Russian Civil War being part of the White armies of South Russia. Quoted memoirs by Major General Konstantin A. Kelner reveal inner relationships and image of the 1st Volunteer Army Corps units of the Armed Forces of South Russia in 1918–1920. An analysis of this historical document has been made and the first full-scale biography of the memoirist has been introduced. The memoirs written by Kelner in 1930 provide a detailed description of the best known «colored» (for their uniforms) regiments of the Volunteer Army: Drozdovites, Markovites, Kornilovites and Alekseevites. The general doesn’t focus just on the glitzy front of their life, but also on negative aspects of the Volunteer movement, which deserves special attention. Keywords: Volunteer Army, Armed Forces of South Russia (AFSR), the Russian Army of General Pyotr N. Wrangel, Volunteer Army officers, 1st Army Corps, «colored» regiments, Drozdovites, Kornilovites, Markovites, Alekseevites. |
56–64 |
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T. V. Glazunova, V. V. Germizeeva Report of labor safety inspector on sanitary and living conditions of factories in Omsk in 1923 DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2021-6-1-65-71 This paper presents an official source that has not been published before describing the problematic aspects of the daily functioning of industry and urban life in Omsk during the period of the new economic policy. The publication is addressed to researchers of the early Soviet society, everyday life, industrial history, sanitary and ecological state of the cities of Western Siberia in the early 1920s. Keywords: NEP, sanitary inspection, labor protection, sanitary and hygienic condition, workers, industry, factory, everyday life, Omsk. |
65–71 |
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D. I. Petin «To supplement the characteristics of the domestic and foreign policy of the Kolchak government in Siberia»: an urgent secret letter from Siberian revolutionary committee to the people’s commissar G. V. Chicherin (April 9, 1924) DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2021-6-1-72-78 The publication introduces into the scientific circulation previously unknown sources about the foreign policy and financial and economic activities of the anti-Bolshevik authorities in the East of Russia in 1918–1920, as well as about departmental storage of documents in the financial authorities of Siberia during the first years of Soviets. The work is addressed to specialists studying international relations, financial policy and archiving during the Civil War and the first years after its end. Keywords: Civil war, white movement, Soviets, Siberian revolutionary committee, international relations, financial policy, economic policy, gold reserves, archives. |
72–78 |
PHILOSOPHY
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M. V. Goncharenko, N. A. Lukianova Visualizing future: overview of research approaches DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2021-6-1-79-85 The article analyzes contemporary research approaches to the problem of visualization of the future, the images of which are formed with the help of social networks. There are considered arguments, according to which, images and forms for visualization of the future can be treated as technologies of creating new worlds (reflecting the diversity and multidimensionality of various social practices). The authors defend the thesis that images and forms of visualization of the future vary significantly in different social environments and contexts. It is suggested that every image within the visualization of the future includes many traces of individual interpretations, which influences, in turn, the processes of formation of collective shared images of the future. Keywords: visualization, future, personalization, social and cultural practices, interactivity. |
79–85 |
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Critical Notices and Comments |
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B. V. Faul Minimal dualism and epistemic approach DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2021-6-1-86-90 In this paper the author presents an argument in favor of minimal dualism — thesis, according to which conscious agents are able to exist without bodies. Author demonstrates the advantages of this argument. Firstly, he shows that this argument is invulnerable to the epistemic strategy of criticizing the conceivability argument. Secondly, the epistemic approach restricts the conceivability of creatures, the possibility of which is incompatible with the minimal dualism. Keywords: conceivability, possibility, minimal dualism, epistemic strategy, conceivability argument. |
86–90 |
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T. S. Demin Deficit of conceivability: response to Bogdan Faul’s article «Minimal dualism and epistemic approach» DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2021-6-1-91-94 The argument in defense of minimal dualism presented in Bogdan Faul’s article presents the idea that we can conceive consciousness existing only in the introspection without a physical body. From that kind of conceivability follows the possibility of consciousness. And this leads to the falsity of physicalism. I argue that Faul’s argument is not fundamentally different from the ghost argument. Then I consider a step from conceivability to possibility and conclude that no argument of conceivability guarantees the possibility that consciousness is non-physical since we lack the epistemic capacity for such a conclusion. In the last part of this article, I discuss three kinds of conceivability. The classification of these kinds of conceivability demonstrates what kind of conceivability we lack for an argument to be sound, and we cannot have such conceivability. Keywords: conceivability, possibility, ghost argument, zombie argument, absolute conceivability. |
91–94 |
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D. N. Razeev Are pure mental states conceivable? DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2021-6-1-95-97 The article gives critical objections to the minimal dualism argument proposed by Bogdan Faul. It is demonstrated that the method of introspection used by B. Faul in his article in order to explain subject’s access to their own mental states undermines the validity of the proposed argument. Keywords: Bogdan Faul, minimal dualism, conceivability argument, ignorance hypothesis. |
95–97 |
ECONOMY
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E. V. Yakovleva, A. R. Terentyeva Economic reliability of technological development DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2021-6-1-98-108 Ensuring the economic reliability of industrial enterprises in the modern conditions of technological dynamics is a necessary and indispensable condition for the successful development and functioning of the enterprise in the long term. The results of the study aimed at substantiating the methodological approach to the formation of the mechanism of economic reliability of technological development of industrial enterprises are presented, which determines the theoretical significance and novelty of the results are shown. The basis of the study is general scientific methods of classification, generalization, comparison, analysis. Keywords: technological development, economic reliability, economic mechanism, industrial enterprises, digital economy, process-technological approach. |
98–108 |
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Yu. A. Deryabin The mechanism of formation of technology partnerships in industry DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2021-6-1-109-117 The article is devoted to the development of organizational and analytical tools for the mechanism of step-by-step formation of technological partnership in industry. The result of the research is a developed procedure for forming a technology partnership mechanism, which consists of five stages that allow determining the name and result of each of them. The proposed mechanism assumes at each stage the collection and analysis of information about the parameters of technological partnership of industrial enterprises, and also allows you to justify the list of consecutive directions of development of technological partnership, which determines the theoretical significance of the results obtained. For this purpose, they use methods of concept construction, logic, abstraction, description, and calculation method. The evaluation results determined within the relevant stages of the technological partnership mechanism serve as the basis for implementing regulatory measures by the subjects of the technological partnership to improve the regulatory and organizational and managerial conditions for the participation of industrial enterprises in the process of integrating technological decisions made within the framework of the technological partnership. Keywords: technological partnership, mechanism, development, industrial enterprises, digital economy, organizational tools. |
109–117 |
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E. V. Medvedev «Moral depreciation» of personal computer software as one of factors in reducing labor productivity at enterprise DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2021-6-1-118-124 In this article, the author examines the issue of «moral depreciation» of personal computer software and shows how it can affect the productivity of an organization. The relevance of the chosen topic is due to the fact that in the modern economy, with the advent of new products on the IT market aimed at optimizing work processes, low labor productivity is still observed in many companies, thereby arousing the interest of various researchers to understand this situation. The aim of the study is to analyze the processes of updating PC software at Russian enterprises and to study its impact on labor productivity. The main content of the study is the analysis of statistical data in the field of information and communication technologies in the context of various categories and groups. Special attention is paid to the analysis of the use of special programs at enterprises, as well as to the issues of personnel training on the use of these programs in their activities. As a result of the analysis, the author highlights the main points that arise in modern Russian companies due to the «moral depreciation» of software products, and also shows how they can affect their productivity. In conclusion, recommendations are offered to improve the current situation. Keywords: labor productivity, «moral depreciation», software, personnel training, labor efficiency, enterprise. |
118–124 |