Vol. 6, no. 4, 2022
OMSK SCIENTIFIC BULLETIN. SERIES «AVIATION-ROCKET AND POWER ENGINEERING»
CONTENTS
POWER AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
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V. L. Yusha, A. Yu. Gromov, Yu. A. Potapov The analysis of promising directions for creation of domestic component base of volumetric rotary machines for low power energy, refrigeration and climate technology DOI: 10.25206/2588-0373-2022-6-4-9-25 An overview analysis of research and development in the field of volumetric rotary machines for low power energy, refrigeration and climate technology, as well as the state of the world and Russian market of compressor and expansion machines of this type is presented. It is shown that in this sector of domestic industry, the existing level and scale of production does not meet the requirements of ensuring the technological independence of the Russian Federation and the implementation of critical technologies. The analysis of the existing designs of rotary machines, as well as the nomenclature of domestic refrigeration and compressor engineering, allowed us to conclude that rotary machines of screw and spiral type are preferred for the implementation of existing licensed technologies at Russian enterprises. However, taking into account the urgency of ensuring import independence, rotary-plate compressor and expansion machines are of considerable interest. The prerequisites for improving the technical level and competitiveness of rotary-plate machines based on domestic technologies and new promising technical solutions are identified and formulated. Keywords: volumetric rotary machines, compressors, expansion machines, competitiveness, low power energy, refrigeration, climate systems, characteristics, ranking. |
9-25 |
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D. Kh. Sadvakasov, G. I. Chernov, V. S. Evdokimov, N. A. Raykovskiy The analysis of the effect of piston speed on the operation of a refrigeration compressor operating in the area of wet steam DOI: 10.25206/2588-0373-2022-6-4-26-31 The paper presents a theoretical assessment of the effect of the piston speed on the energy efficiency of a steam compression refrigeration cycle based on compression in the area of wet steam, implemented in a low-speed refrigeration compressor stage. The refrigerant R134a was chosen as the working fluid. The numerical calculation of the working process of a refrigeration compressor operating in the field of wet steam was carried out on the basis of a mathematical model and implemented using the Runge– Kutta method of the 4th order in the MathCad package. The calculation of heat transfer was carried out according to the generalized formula for film boiling — condensation inside the pipes. Based on the calculation, the analysis of the effect of the piston speed on the characteristics of the compressor workflow, in particular, on the appearance of its indicator diagram, was carried out. Keywords: piston compressor stage, wet steam, compression process, mathematical model, heat transfer coefficient. |
26–31 |
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A. A. Murthy, S. Norris, A. Subiantoro Effects of Lubricating oil on the performance of a Four-Intersecting-Vane Rotary Expander / trans. from Engl. M. A. Fedorova DOI: 10.25206/2588-0373-2022-6-4-32-41 Lubrication plays an important aspect in machinery. It seals internal leakage gaps, reduces friction and cools components. The present investigation is intended to test the effects of lubrication to an expander’s performance. Polyester lubricating oil grades (Grade 48 and Grade 68) were tested at various operating conditions. The expander prototype is of the rotary mechanism with four vanes comprising two intersecting bars. An experimental test rig was designed and built. The pressure diagram as function of rotational angle was recorded by six pressure transducers arranged in the working chamber, based on which the features of the expansion process of the four-intersecting-vane rotary expander were analysed. To start with, the working fluid was compressed air, but the eventual intended application is in a vapour compression refrigeration system. The experimental study revealed that the rotary vane expander worked steadily at different operating conditions. The experimental results showed that the expander flow rate was generally lower with a thinner oil (POE grade 46), whereas the volumetric efficiency increased from 23,2 % to 27,2 %. The adiabatic efficiency decreased from 22,5 % to 18,1 % with a higher viscosity lubricating oil (POE grade 68). Keywords: rotary vane expander, expansion, oil, friction, efficiency. Printed by permission from the authors and the Centre for IOP Conference Series Materials Science and Engineering (International Conference on Compressors and their Systems) (London, 2021). |
32–41 |
AVIATION AND ROCKET-SPACE ENGINEERING
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V. I. Trushlyakov, V. V. Yudintsev, V. A. Urbansky, S. Yu. Onishchuk The analysis of the state of development of devices for cleaning orbits in near-Earth space from large-sized space debris objects DOI: 10.25206/2588-0373-2022-6-4-42-52 The state of near-Earth space pollution is considered, including the dynamics of growth of this pollution. Presented current information on the launch of nano-satellites, which is an additional factor in the pollution of low earth orbit. On the basis of open information, the analysis of the development of Russian and foreign approaches to the most polluted orbits cleaning, including technological experiments with the use of various means of capture is carried out. For different capture devices the options of towing space debris objects to the disposal orbit are considered. Keywords: space debris, technological experiments, capture devices, towing, disposal orbit, service spacecraft. |
42-52 |
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A. V. Grekhnev An example of use of gas turbine engine compressor, which has been mastered in production and has good characteristics in a new product project DOI: 10.25206/2588-0373-2022-6-4-53-59 The development of a new gas turbine engine requires a lot of time and money spent on the design and testing its compressor, which has been shown as the most complex and time-consuming assembly unit of the engine. This article examines the potential application of the industry-developed engine compressors in the designs of a new turbojet engine and a gas turbine compressor. The comparative analysis of the ideal cycles of an augmented turbojet engine and a turbojet engine with a high-temperature combustor is made. The advantage of the turbojet engine with a high-temperature combustor configuration over the augmented turbojet engine configuration is shown. The high rates of jet-pipe gas velocity make a turbojet engine with a high-temperature combustor suitable for supersonic cruise products. Keywords: turbojet engine, compressor, turbine, main combustion chamber, high temperature combustion chamber, afterburner, jet nozzle, ideal engine cycle. |
53–59 |
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P. S. Yachmenev Research of design of a small spacecraft with an electrothermal propulsion system DOI: 10.25206/2588-0373-2022-6-4-60-68 The paper presents the results of solving the multivariate problem of forming the design of a small spacecraft with various propulsion systems based on freons with electrothermal thrusters. As initial data, the required reserves of characteristic velocities for maintaining the active lifetime for circular orbits of 350-390 km for small spacecraft with different midsection areas are determined. Specific and dimensional-mass characteristics of propulsion systems of small spacecraft are determined using a set of basic design parameters of a small spacecraft obtained by random search. Ranked rows of alternative variants of small spacecraft have been formed as the complex total criterion decreases by the multi-criteria method of prioritization for various principles of designing a small spacecraft with a propulsion system. Keywords: small spacecraft, low-orbit grouping, propulsion system, electrothermal thruster, random search method, prioritization method. |
60–68 |